九江網(wǎng)站翻譯聊聊值得收藏的中醫常用術(shù)語(yǔ)英文翻譯

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中醫 ①traditional Chinese medicine②traditional Chinesephysician ①中醫學(xué)的簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)。②本學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)職業(yè)隊伍。中藥 Chinesemateria medica 在中醫理論指導下應用的藥物。包括中藥材、中藥飲片和中成藥等。中醫學(xué) traditionalChinese medicine 以中醫藥理論與實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗為主體。研究人類(lèi)生命活動(dòng)中健康與疾病轉化規律及其預防、診斷、治療、康復和保健的綜合性科學(xué)。中藥學(xué) Chinese materiamedica 中藥學(xué)科的統稱(chēng)。研究中藥基本理論和各種藥材飲片、中成藥的來(lái)源、采制、性能、功效、臨床應用等知識的學(xué)科。中醫藥 traditionalChinese medicine and pharmacology本草：Materia medica中藥：Chinese materiamedica。Chinese medicinals(包括植物藥、動(dòng)物藥、礦物藥等）中草藥：Chinese HerbalMedicine,Chinese medicinal herbs中藥學(xué)：Chinese pharmaceutics藥材：Medicinalsubstance(material)中西醫結合 integration of traditional and western medicine中醫基礎理論 basictheory of traditional Chinese medicine中醫診斷學(xué) diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine 方劑學(xué) prescriptions of Chinese materia medica。 Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae/ prescriptions中醫內科學(xué) internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine[陰陽(yáng)]The Theory of Yinand Yang陰陽(yáng)對立：Opposition of yin and yang陰陽(yáng)制約：Restriction of/between yin and yang陰陽(yáng)互根：Interdependence of yin and yang 陰陽(yáng)消長(cháng)：Waxing and waning of yin and yang陰陽(yáng)轉化：Inter-transformation of yin and yang[五行學(xué)說(shuō)]The Theory of Five Elements五行：water。fire。wood。metal。soil生：promote, generate,engender克： act, restrict,restrain乘：overact,over-restrict, over-restrain, subjugate, overwhelm侮：counteract,counter-restrict, counter-restrain, rebel[整體觀(guān)念] concept of organicwholeness辯證法 dialectics生長(cháng)化收藏 sprouting, growth, transformation, ripening, storage內外環(huán)境統一性 the unity between the internal and external environments機體自身整體性 the integrity of the body itself古代唯物論和辯證法 classic Chinese materialism and dialectics矛盾統一the contradictory unity互相聯(lián)系、相互影響related to each other and influence each other標本 Biao (secondary aspect) and Ben (primary aspect)本質(zhì)與現象nature and phenomena矛盾的普遍性和特殊性universality and speciality of contradictions寒者熱之Cold disease should be treated by warm therapy熱者寒之warm disease should be treated by cold therapy虛者補之deficiency syndrome should be treated by tonifying therapy實(shí)者瀉之excess syndrome should be treated by purgation therapy治病必求其本 Treatment of diseases must concentrate on the root cause同病異治 treatment of the same disease with different therapeutic methods異病同治 treatment of different diseases with the same therapeutic method[精氣神]清陽(yáng)為天 The lucid Yang ascends to form the heaven濁陰為地 The turbid Yin descends to constitute the earth氣化 Qi transformation升降出入 ascending,descending, going out, coming in出入廢則神機化滅。升降息則氣立孤危。If the activities of going out and coming into stop, the transforming mechanism of Shen (Spirit) will be damaged; if the activities of ascending and descending stop, Qi will be immediately isolated and endangered.精氣 Jingqi (Essential-Qi)先天之精 prenatal essence后天之精 postnatal essence神 Shen (spirit)形神學(xué)說(shuō) the theory of body and spirit形與神俱 the body and the Shen (Spirit) exist simultaneously形神統一 the unity between the body and the Shen (Spirit)病邪 pathogenicfactors正氣存內。邪不可干。Sufficient Healthy-Qi inside the body will prevent invasion of pathogenic factors.邪之所湊。其氣必虛。The region where pathogenic factors invades must be deficient in Qi.順四時(shí)而適寒暑。和喜怒而安居處Abidance to the changes of the four seasons, active adapation to cold and heat, harmony of emotional changes and peaceful living.養生防病。延年益壽cultivating health, preventing disease and prolonging life氣化 qi transformation氣機 qi movement元氣（原氣）primordial ( yuan qi)真氣genuine qi (zhenqi)宗氣pectoral qi (zong qi)營(yíng)氣nutritive qi( yingqi)衛氣defensive qi(wei qi)氣的推動(dòng)功能 promoting action of Qi氣的溫煦功能 warming actionof Qi氣的防御功能 defending action of Qi氣的固攝功能 controlling action of Qi氣的氣化功能 action of Qi Transformation水谷精微 cereal essence營(yíng)氣和津液 nutrient qiand body fluid營(yíng)養和滋潤 nourishing and moistening血主濡之。Blood is responsible for nurturing body.中焦受氣取汁。變化而赤。是謂血。The middle energizer receives qi, takes the juice and transforms into red liquid called blood.血虛 blood deficiency/asthenia血瘀 blood stasis/stagnation血熱 blood-heat血寒 blood-cold出血 hemorrhage津液Body fluid /Jin and Ye稠厚度thickness成分。功能。分布property, function, distribution分泌物secreta膽汁、腸液、鼻涕、眼淚、汗液、尿液gastric juice, intestinal juice, nasal discharge, tears, sweat, urine形成formation分布distribution排泄excretion脾的傳輸transmitting of thespleen肺的宣降dispersing and descenging of the lung腎的蒸騰氣化steaming and transforming of the kidney三焦為通道the triple energizerserve as the passage-way飲入于胃。游溢精氣。上輸于脾。脾氣散精。上歸于肺。通調水道。下輸膀胱。水精四布。五經(jīng)并行。After food and water have entered the stomach, they are digested and transformed into food essence and then, transmitted upward to the spleen, which disperses the essence upward to the lung and the lung regulates water pathways downward to the urinary bladder. And by doing so body fluid is finally disseminated to all parts of the body along all the meridians and collaterals.津液由胃中消化吸收、小腸進(jìn)行分清別濁、脾運化的水谷中形成；津液的分布和排泄由許多臟腑組織共同完成。如脾的運化功能、肺的宣發(fā)肅降功能、腎的蒸發(fā)沉降功能；津液以三焦為通道進(jìn)行分布和排泄。Body fluid is formed from food and water by digestion and absorption of the stomach, separating the clarity from the turbidity of the small intestine and tramformation of the spleen; the distribution and excretion of body fluid are accomplished by the joint action of many zang-fu organ, such as the transforming function of the spleen, the dispersing and descending function of the lung, the steaming and ascending function of the kidney; and body fluid takes triple energizer as its passage way for distribution and excretion.[藏象學(xué)說(shuō)]The Theory of Visceral Manifestations臟腑 the internalorgans, viscera.藏/臟 solid organs, viscera, depots, zang organs, yin organs府/腑 hollow organs, bowels (the intestines), palaces, fu organs, yang organs五臟 five viscera,five zang organs, the yin organs六腑 six bowels, six fu organs, the yang organs心。肝。脾。肺。腎heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney膽。胃。大腸。小腸。膀胱。三焦gallbladder, stomach, large intestine, smallintestine, (urinary) bladder, triple energizer/burner奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu organs腦、髓、骨、脈、膽、女子胞brain, marrow, bone, vessel, gallbladder, uterus心包 pericardium上/中/下焦 upper/ middle/lower energizer/burner命門(mén) gate of life, life gate, vital gate, gate of vitality苗竅 signal orifice膻中 thoracic center膜（募）原 interior-exteriorinterspace五神 five emotions五華 five lustre五體 five bodyconstituents五志 five minds五液 five humors七情 seven emotions膏肓cardio-diaphgramaticinterspace丹田Dantan /Elixir field赤白肉際：dorso-ventral boundary (of the hand or foot),house of blood (血府): blood vesselhouse of marrow (髓府): bonesea of blood (血海): liver (orconception vessel)sea of marrow (髓海): brainblood chamber (血室): uterus (orconception vessel)essence chamber (精室):life gate藏精氣而不瀉 storing essencewithout leaking傳化物而不藏 digesting andtransporting food and drink without storing essence /transform food into essence but not store it心主血脈。The heart governs the blood and (blood ) vessels.The heart regulates the flow of blood.(circulation)心藏神。The heart stores the spirit.心開(kāi)竅于舌。The heart opens into the tongue.舌為心之苗竅。The tongue is the sprout of the heart.心。其華在面。The Heart’s brilliance manifests in the face.The heart’s bloom is in the face.The heart has its outward manifestations on theface.心與小腸相表里。The heart stands in interior-exterior relationship with the small intestine.肺主氣。通調水道。The lung governs qi.The lung regulates the waterways.The lungs move and adjust the Water Channels.肺主皮毛。The lung governs the skin and [body] hair.The lung is in charge of the body surface.肺合皮毛。The lung is interrelated with the skin and [body]hair.The brilliance of the Lungs manifests in the bodyhair.In other words, the Lungs regulate the secretion of sweat, the moistening of the skin, and resistance to External Pernicious Influences.肺開(kāi)竅于鼻。The lung opens at thenose.鼻為息道。The nose is the“thoroughfare for respiration”.Many common nose and throat disorders aretherefore treated through the Lungs.肺與大腸相表里。The lung stands in interior-exterior relationship with the large intestine.The lung governs qi and the heart governs blood.肺為貯痰之器。脾為生痰之源。The lung is the receptacle that holds phlegm and the spleen is the source of phlegm formation.肺為氣之主。腎為氣之根。The lung is the governor of qi and the kidney is the root of qi.肺主一身之表。The lung is in charge of the body surface.肺主氣。司呼吸。The lung governs qi, performs respiration/controlls breathing主宣發(fā)肅降governs disseminating, cleansing and descending/ governs diffusion, purification and descending通調水道 regulates the waterways肺朝百脈,主治節The lung connecting all vessels/The lung faces all the blood vessels, governs management and regulation脾主運化水谷。輸布精微。The spleen governs movement （transportation) and transformation of grain and water and distribution of its essence.脾統血。The spleen manages the blood.脾主肌肉和四肢。開(kāi)竅于口。The spleen governs the flesh and limbs, and opens into the mouth.胃主受納和腐熟水谷。Take in, food intakeDecompose, digest food into chymeThe stomach governs intake and decomposition (digestion) of grain and water.升清Send clarity (pure) upward小腸主泌別清濁。The small intestine governs separation of theclear and the turbid.大腸主傳化糟粕。the large intestine governs transformation and conveyance of waste.肝主疏泄。The liver governs free coursing, which refers toliver qi’s physiological function of ensuring smooth free flow (of qi and blood).Ensuring smooth and regular floe of qi;膽汁的化生和排泄Secretion and discharge of bileEmotional disturbance: mental depression, impatience,etc.肝藏血。The liver stores blood.肝藏血是指肝有貯存血液和調節血量的作用。The liver is capable of retaining blood and regulating the amount of blood in the body.食氣入胃。淫精于肝。Food qi enters the stomach and sends essence to the liver.肝主筋。其華在爪。The liver governs the sinews; its bloom is the nails.肝主筋。爪為筋之余。肝。其華在爪。The liver governs the sinews: the movement of all the sinews of the body is associated with the liver.肝開(kāi)竅于目。The liver opens atthe eyes.腎藏精。主生長(cháng)、發(fā)育和生殖。The kidney stores essence (or essential qi), andis responsible for growth, development, and reproduction. （maturation)腎主骨、生髓。The kidney governs the bones and engenders marrow.腎主水。The kidney governs water.腎開(kāi)竅于耳和二陰。其華在發(fā)。The kidney opens into the ears and the two yin(the two private parts: the urethra and anus) and its bloom is in the hair of the head.moisten and nourish 滋養和濡潤warm and activate推動(dòng)和溫煦produce and store essence 化生和貯藏精氣receive, trsport and transform water and food 受盛和傳化水谷Viscera inside the body must manifest themselves externally.有諸內。必形諸外。Kidney yin and kidney yang are in reality two antagonistic and complementary aspects of kidney essential qi.Detriment (damage or harm) to yin affects yang.Detriment to yang affects yin[病因]Etiology邪。病邪 Evil; Pathogenic factor; Pathogen六淫six excesses; six exogenous pathogenic factors; six climatic pathogenic factors; Six external pernicious influences風(fēng)、寒、暑、濕、燥、火 wind, cold,summer-heat, dampness, dryness,fire外感六淫diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor六氣Six qi; Six natural factors;Six climatic factors; Six climatic influences；Six exogenous qi疫癘（癘氣）Pestilence; pestilential qi內生五邪 Five Endogenous Pathogenic Factors; Five Internal Pernicious Influences七情 seven emotions; seven affects喜、怒、憂(yōu)、思、悲、恐、驚 joy, anger, melancholy (sadness, worry), anxiety (pensiveness, contemplation), grief (sorrow), fear, fright七情內傷internal damage due to seven emotions飲食Improper diet; imbalanced diet內傷脾胃。百病由生。Internal damage of the spleen and stomach will result in the occurrence of various diseases./The occurrence of various diseases may result from the internal damage of the spleen and stomach.外傷 traumaticinjuries跌打損傷。金刃傷。蟲(chóng)獸咬傷 Traumatic injuries due to fall, cuts, insect or animal bites痰飲 Phlegm－fluid瘀血 Blood stasis

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